Diamond101: How diamonds form

Diamonds are synonymous to sophistication and durability. These are used typically on jewellery, mostly for engagement rings or wedding rings. Throughout history, this gemstone leaves everyone in awe.

However, not everyone knows its components or how it forms. Because people can’t hide the fact that they love diamonds, we decided to dive deeper into how these gemstones form.

What are diamonds?

Diamonds consist of basic carbon atoms. Their distinctive characteristics render them as one of the most appreciated materials on the planet. Moreover, they have a three-dimensional atomic structure that keeps it safe from scratches, dirt, or other damages.

The diamond formation

There are various ways of diamond formation. In contrast to the usual belief that diamonds come from coals, researchers proved that the latter has little to no contribution to the formation of diamonds.

We listed here the five main processes behind these stones’ formation.

The Earth’s mantle

Geologists believe that diamonds are created in the Earth’s mantle, especially the industrial and commercial diamond reserves. These reserves are deposited into the ground by strong volcanic explosions. Then, it generates lamproite or kimberlite pipes that most diamond explorers look for.

The subduction zones

Subduction zones happen at convergent plate boundaries, in which one slab becomes compelled into the Earth’s mantle. The stoop of the plate subjects itself to heightened tension and temperature.

Diamonds were discovered in stones which are believed to have been subdued and afterwards, restored to the ground.

These kinds of stones are uncommon and suggest that the amount of established commercial diamond reserves is still zero. The obtained diamonds from these reserves were too tiny. These seemed to be inappropriate for business purposes.

At an asteroid’s impact site

The high heat, humidity, and pressure factors of an asteroid’s impact can induce the formation of diamonds. This specific hypothesis of how a diamond forms came from the evidence found in several asteroids’ landing locations. Researchers and scientists discovered pieces of small diamonds around these impact zones.

In space

Researchers from NASA identified big amounts of nanodiamonds in several meteorites. According to their research, around three parts of the carbon in each of these meteorites became in the shape of nanodiamonds. Unfortunately, these are too tiny to be in pieces of jewellery or industrial files, but they are a good additional source of diamond substances.

From a lab

Lab-created (synthetic) diamonds are from two processes: High Pressure-High Temperature or HPHT and Chemical Vapor Deposition or CVD.

As the name implies, the HPHT method uses high pressures (5 to 6 GPa) and temperatures (1300-1600°C) in a capsule. It is where diamond powder dissolves in a molten metal catalyst. Then, it crystallises on the diamond seed that forms a synthetic crystal. Wait for several weeks to more than a month, the creation of one or a few crystals will form.

On the other hand, CVD diamonds are from a vacuum chamber with carbon-containing gases. The flat diamond seeds attract carbon atoms from the broken down gas molecules. In weeks, crystallisation will occur.  

Do you need a diamond ring?

Almost everyone adores diamond rings. Monty Adams Jewellery Concierge can help you create a bespoke diamond ring for your loved one, may it be a diamond engagement ring or weddings rings. Our diamonds come from the world’s biggest diamond suppliers. Schedule an appointment with us today.